Cotton Report 1987
ABOUT THE COLLECTION
The Cotton Report is one of several commodity-based agricultural research reports published by the University of Arizona.
This report, along with the Forage and Grain Report, was established by Hank Brubaker, Extension Agronomist, after seeing a similar report published by Texas A&M University in the mid-1970’s.
The purpose of the report is to provide an annual research update to farmers, researchers, and those in the agricultural industry. The research is conducted by University of Arizona and USDA-ARS scientists.
Both historical and current Cotton Reports have been made available in the UA Campus Repository as part of a collaboration between the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences and the University Libraries.
Other commodity-based agricultural research reports available in
the UA Campus Repository include:
Citrus
Reports |
Forage
& Grain Reports |
Sugarbeet
Reports |
Turfgrass
Reports |
Vegetable
Reports
QUESTIONS?
Contact CALS Publications at pubs@cals.arizona.edu, or visit the CALS Publications website.
Contents for Cotton Report 1987
- Outlook on Cotton Markets and Marketing for 1987
- Urban Wastewater and Economic Potential for Cotton Growers and Taxpayers
- The Importance of Residual Soil Nitrate in Upland Cotton Production Using Subsurface Drip Irrigation
- The Effect of Nitrification Inhibitors on Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Drip and Furrow Irrigated Cotton
- Plant Growth and Seed Cotton Yield of Upland Cotton Fertilized with Liquid Sewage Sludge
- Percolation of Soluble Constituents Under Cotton Fertilized with Municipal Sewage Sludge
- Nitrogen Stabilizer Effect on Nitrate Nitrogen Management in Soils
- Thiocarbamates for Selective Control of Purple Nutsedge in Arizona Cotton
- Factors Affecting the Response of Cotton to Preplant Applications of EPTC (Eptam) and Butylate (Sutan +)
- Controlling Purple Nutsedge on Fallowed Ground with EPTC and Butylate
- Cyanazine Combinations Preplant for Broadleaf Weed Control in Cotton
- Selecting for Cotton Seedlings Under Cool and Saline Conditions
- Lint Yield of Four Seed Qualities of Stoneville 825 Upland Cotton Planted at 3 Locations, 3 on Planting Dates and at 3 Planting Rates in Arizona in 1986
- Effect of Calcium Nitrate and Calcium Chloride on the Primary Root Growth of Cotton Seed Imbibed at Low Temperatures
- Direct and Indirect Stimulation of Primary Root Growth of Cotton Seed Imbibed at a Low Temperature by Calcium Sulfate
- Narrow Row Cotton Evaluation, Marana Agricultural Center
- Lint Yield of Several Cotton Varieties Planted on 5 Dates at 3 Locations in Arizona in 1986
- High Yielding Short Season Cotton Production in Arizona
- Irrigation and Nitrogen Effects on Plant Hormones, Boll Retention, and Growth of Fruiting Branches
- Responses of Glasshouse-Grown Cotton to Irrigation with Carbon Dioxide-Saturated Water
- Effect of RESPOND and PIX on Short Staple Cotton, 1986
- The Effects of Burst Yield Booster on DPL 61
- An Evaluation of the BioHUmaNetics Cotton Growth Program
- Effect of Timing and Herbicide Compatibility in the Application of Burst on Upland Cotton
- Effects of XE1019 and PIX on Cotton at Marana and Maricopa Agricultural Centers
- Effect of Spray Dilution on PIX on Cotton, Safford Agricultural Center, 1986
- Variety/Date of Planting Test
- Regional Variety Test
- Variety Evaluation with Early Harvest for Weevil Control
- Short Staple Variety Demonstration
- Cotton Variety Observations, Safford Agricultural Center, 1986
- Short Staple Variety Demonstration, Graham County, 1986
- Short Staple Variety Trial, Cochise County, 1986
- Cotton Variety Trians, Greenlee County, 1986
- Short Staple Variety Demonstration
- Pima County Breeding and Genetics
- Drip Irrigated Cotton Responses to Water Level, Varieties and Plant Population
- Drip Irrigated Cotton Responses to Fertilizer Levels, Varieties and Plant Population
- Scheduling Irrigations on Cotton Based on the Crop Water Stress Index
- Comparison of Increased Irrigation Frequency
- Irrigation Termination Under a Volunteer Grower Boll Weevil Program
- The Evolution of Subsurface Drip Irrigation on Sundance Farms
- A Predictive System for Disease Incidence of Black Root Rot of Cotton
- Application of Systemic Fungicides Through Subsurface Drip Irrigation for Control of Phymatotrichum Root Rot
- Response of Texas Root Rot to Two Sterol-Inhubiting Fungicides and a Soil Sterilant in Graham County, 1986
- Varietal Resistance to Alternaria Macrospora
- The Effects of Cotton Leaf Crumple on Greenhouse-Grown Cotton Incoulated at Five Growth Stages
- Treatment of Rootknot Nematodes
- A New Egg Sampling Plan for Pink Bollworm Reduced Insecticide Use by 35 Percent
- Effects of PREP on Cotton Fruiting, Boll Opening and Boll Weevil Populations
- PREP and DROPP for Controlling Pink Bollworm in 1986 Tests
- Pink Bollworm Resistance and Lint Yield of a Nectariless, Okra-Leaf Germplasm Line
- Antibiosis in Cotton to Pink Bollworm
- Development of Pink Bollworm Population in Field Cages Containing Deltapine Nextaried and Nectariless Cottons
- Whitefly Adults in Okra-Leaf and Normal-Leaf Cotton
- Development and Fecundity of Aphis gossypii (Homoptera: Aphididae) on Cotton
- 1986 Publications of the Western Cotton Research Laboratory, USDA, ARS
Recent Submissions
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1986 Publications of the Western Cotton Research Laboratory, USDA, ARSCollege of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1987-03
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Development and Fecundity of Aphis gossypii (Homoptera: Aphididae) on CottonCotton aphids. Aphis gossypii. from a source near Phoenix. AZ were found to have an optimal developmental temperature of 27.5 °C with a developmental time of 5 days. Fecundity was optimal at 25 °C with 2.85 mean nymphs/day. Both development and fecundity were linear. The optimal temperature for fecundity was higher than those previously reported for cotton aphids in more moderate climates.
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Effect of Timing and Herbicide Compatibility in the Application of Burst on Upland CottonA field trial was conducted to study the elements of application timing and herbicide compatibility in the use of Burst, a plant growth regulator, and the effects of these two factors on yield of upland cotton. Eight treatments combined the two factors of timing and tank mix. The results showed no significant difference in yield between treatments.
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Whitefly Adults in Okra-Leaf and Normal-Leaf CottonThe sweet potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) continues to be a serious pest of cotton and an important vector of several virus diseases of fall vegetables. In our search for resistant germplasm, we counted adult whiteflies on cotton cultivars and breeding stocks in AZ and Israel. At Maricopa (MAC), seven of 19 cottons had significantly fewer whiteflies than the check, 'Stoneville 825'. Five of the seven were okra-leaf and two were normal-leaf cottons. In another experiment at MAC, an okra-leaf cotton did not have fewer whiteflies than a normal-leaf one. At several locations in Israel, the okraleaf cotton, BD-12, had significantly fewer whiteflies than a number of normal-leaf cottons.
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Development of Pink Bollworm Population in Field Cages Containing Deltapine Nextaried and Nectariless CottonsThe development of populations of pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) in 0.003 ha field cages containing 'Deltapine 61' (DPL-61) or a closely related nectariless cultivar 'Deltapine NSL' (DPL-NSL) was studied at the University of Arizona Maricopa Agricultural Center, Maricopa, AZ. Boll infestations were significantly lower in cages of DPL-NSL and total catches of moths in gossyplure-baited Delta traps at the end of the season were lower in these cages. The overall seasonal increases were 15.3- fold for DPL-NSL and 21.4 fold for DPL-61, a highly significant 29% reduction for DPLNSL.
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Antibiosis in Cotton to Pink BollwormNinety-nine germplasm lines and a resistant check line of cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., were infested artificially in the field with eggs of pink bollworm (PBW), Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders), and evaluated for an antibiosis type of resistance to the insect and also for yield potential. All 99 lines came from crosses of well -adapted cultivars, or the nectariless, or nectariless-okra-leaf versions of those cultivars, with previously identified sources of antibiosis (a type of resistance that affects the growth and development of the insect once inside the boll). Twenty-three of the 99 were selected for low PBW damage or for a combination of high lint yield and low damage.
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Pink Bollworm Resistance and Lint Yield of a Nectariless, Okra-Leaf Germplasm LineA nectariless, okra -leaf germplasm line of cotton, Gossvpium hirsutum L., designated WC-12NL, was compared with a nectaried, regular leaf commercial cultivar, 'Deltapine 61' (DPL-61) at two locations, Maricopa, AZ and Brawley, CA. At Maricopa, two and three insecticide applications were required for control of pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders), on WC-12NL and DPL-61, respectively. At Brawley, six and nine applications were required. Lint yield of WC-12NL was 30% higher than that of DPL-61 at Maricopa, while at Brawley, lint yields were about equal.
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Effects of PREP on Cotton Fruiting, Boll Opening and Boll Weevil PopulationsPrep applied to cotton on 15, 23, and 29 September reduced numbers of squares, immature green bolls < 1 inch in diameter, and accelerated mature boll opening. Reduced cotton fruiting forms in Prep- treated plots resulted in reduced boll weevil population development.
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A New Egg Sampling Plan for Pink Bollworm Reduced Insecticide Use by 35 PercentDuring the past two years we developed an egg sampling plan for the pink bollworm (PBW) to provide a more accurate index of moth (target stage) activity than conventional larval sampling. The plan requires that only the presence or absence of eggs laid on bolls be determined to decide when insecticide treatments are needed. Our objective in 1986 was to determine whether egg sampling vs. conventional treatment criteria (e.g., larval infestations, trap catches of male moths, and /or fixed -spray intervals) provided more optimal timing of insecticide applications in a 640-ac field test. Implementation of the egg sampling method in 8 of the 16 fields resulted in an average 35 percent seasonal reduction in insecticide use when compared to conventional methods. Despite the reduction in insecticide use, PBW larval infestations were not significantly different (P = 0.45) in fields samples for eggs vs. fields sampled for larvae from June to September. Yields were also not significantly different (P = 0.40) between the two sets of fields.
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The Effects of Cotton Leaf Crumple on Greenhouse-Grown Cotton Incoulated at Five Growth StagesThe effects of cotton leaf crumple disease on components of yield and on symptom expression were examined for cotton inoculated at five growth stages. As a result of virus infection, the total leaf area was reduced and significant reductions in yield were observed, regardless of plant age at time of inoculation. Yield reductions resulted from a smaller number of bolls set and/or a decrease in boll weight. Foliar symptoms were associated with plants inoculated at all five growth stages, but were observed sooner and were more severe for plants inoculated at the 2-3, 5-8, and 8-10 leaf stages than those inoculated at the 14-16 or 18-20 leaf stages.
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Varietal Resistance to Alternaria MacrosporaGreenhouse techniques were developed to evaluate cotton cultivar susceptibility to Alternaria leaf spot. Results indicate that Deltapine Acala 90 is more susceptible to Alternaria leaf spot than other Gossypium hirsutum varieties tested but that it is less susceptible than the G. barbadense varieties Pima S-5 and Pima S-6.
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Application of Systemic Fungicides Through Subsurface Drip Irrigation for Control of Phymatotrichum Root RotApplication of two systemic fungicides, propiconazole (Tilt) and triadimenol (Summit), through subsurface drip irrigation resulted in a significant reduction in the number of dead plants in a Phymatotrichum-infested cotton field. The percent reductions in Tilt treatments were 72% in 1985 and 66% in 1986 and in Summit treatments were reduced 90% in 1985 and 70% in 1986.
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A Predictive System for Disease Incidence of Black Root Rot of CottonA quantitative technique has been developed to assay cotton soils for populations of Thielaviopsis basicola, a soil occurring fungus that causes the seedling disease of cotton known as Black Root Rot. The procedure utilizes a soil dilution technique with a carrot extract agar containing etridiazol, Mystatin, streptomycin sulfate, chlortetracycline, calcium carbonate and PCNB. Populations of the fungus have been monitored from April to December, 1986 in a heavily infested Pima S-6 field in cooperation with Bob Cockrill, a Coolidge grower. When field soils containing approximately 600 propagules of the fungus per gram of air dry soil were planted to Pima S-6 in the laboratory, 75-100% and 50-75% cortical decay occurred at 20 and 28 C, respectively. This seedling damage was related to subsequent reduced seedling vigor.
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Scheduling Irrigations on Cotton Based on the Crop Water Stress IndexThe Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI) was used to schedule irrigations on drip irrigated cotton research plots in Tucson and on eight acre furrow irrigated fields at the Marana and Maricopa Agricultural Centers. Scheduling irrigations when plots reached 0.30 CWSI units resulted in highest yields with 1403 lbs/acre cotton lint using 33.8 inches of water. The Marana and Maricopa fields yielded 1322 lb/acre on 28 inches and 1767 lb/acre on 58 inches of water, respectively.