• United States Air Passenger Rights: Grounded or Cleared for Take-Off? [Note]

      Giar, M. Tanner (The University of Arizona James E. Rogers College of Law (Tucson, AZ), 2024)
      The golden age of flying is no longer. ln the last two years, there has been an unprecedented surge in demand for air travel, and with that demand has come an equally unprecedented wave of passenger complaints relating to cancellations, delays, or other interruptions. Much of the allure that flying once possessed has been replaced with uncertainty, dissatisfaction, and frustration with what is and is not considered a passenger's right. This Note examines the current state of airline passenger rights in the United States and the European Union and how government regulation has shaped those rights. This Note delves into the intricacies of the current regulatory landscape in both regions and highlights the divergent approaches to addressing passenger concerns. The United States relies on the variability of carrier-specific contracts, leaving passengers uncertain about their rights and the assistance or compensation they might receive. ln contrast, the European Union's regulatory framework provides uniformity but poses challenges in the cumbersome process of obtaining compensation and creates an environment where airlines will not do more than what is strictly required. This Note posits that neither extreme serves passengers optimally and suggests that an effective solution lies in striking a balance that safeguards consumer interests while allowing airlines operational autonomy. This Note contributes to the ongoing discourse on airline passenger rights by offering a comparative analysis of regulatory approaches in the United States and the European Union. By scrutinizing proposed regulations in the United States, it seeks to provide insights into potential frameworks that could better serve the interests of consumers and the aviation industry, ultimately posing the question: Can a balanced regulatory model be crafted to ensure a win-win scenario for all stakeholders in air travel?
    • The Next Green Investment Bank: Comparing Australia's Clean Energy Finance Corporation with the United States' Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund [Note]

      Brookes, Alexander (The University of Arizona James E. Rogers College of Law (Tucson, AZ), 2024)
      The United States needs massive investments in green energy and infrastructure. As part of that investment, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 established the Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund, a type of green investment bank. In 2012, Australia passed legislation that established the Clean Energy Finance Corporation, also a green investment bank. This Note explores the organization and efficiency of Australia's Clean Energy Finance Corporation and compares it to the possible investment models the United States could use in distributing the Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund.
    • Meeting Report Dendroclimatology Conference in Tucson, May 2023

      Frank, David C.; Anchukaitis, Kevin J.; Leavitt, Steven W.; Lab. of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona; School of Geography, Development & Environment, University of Arizona (Tree-Ring Society, 2024-02-05)
    • Data use within an education-centered cross-sector collaboration

      Hackmann, Donald G.; Malin, Joel R.; Ahn, Joonkil; Educational Policy Studies and Practice, University of Arizona (Emerald, 2019-02-14)
      Purpose: This study examined data use practices within a cross-sector initiative involving high school career academies. It discerned how partners used data to assess the public value of academies and address equity concerns. Design: Case study methodology was applied to examine cross-sector activities supporting the district’s career academy reform. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis. Datnow and Park’s (2018) conceptual framework involving key equity dimensions guided the analysis. Findings: Partners used data for both accountability and continuous improvement. Educators were required to document student growth for state accountability purposes, while providing evidence of the public value of the academies to the community. Data use for continuous improvement included identifying annual goals to improve academy performance. There was a lack of a district-wide focus on equity, with educators taking a passive approach to academy and career pathway selections by student subgroups. Practical implications: The findings provide insights into data use practices school and district leaders can implement to ensure equitable student participation in career academies and appropriate data use within cross-sector collaborations. Social implications: Students who are traditionally underrepresented in career fields, including students of color and females, need intentional efforts to encourage their participation in high-skill, high-wage career fields. Originality/value (mandatory): This study identifies critical issues involved with data use for equity when promoting education-centered cross-sector collaboration, while also highlighting existing tensions between data use for accountability and continuous improvement.
    • Money for Justice: Comparing Day Fines in Germany and Maricopa, County AZ [Note]

      Rysenbry, Elliot (The University of Arizona James E. Rogers College of Law (Tucson, AZ), 2024)
      This Note examines the concept of day fines and their implementation in two contrasting jurisdictions: Arizona's Maricopa County and Germany. Day fines, a system of monetary sanctions weighted according to a person's income, gained traction in the twentieth century as a means of ensuring substantively equitable punishment regardless of an individual's financial status. Maricopa County, among a handful of other U.S. jurisdictions, experimented with day fines during the early 1990s, only to see its program falter due to legislative constraints and political dynamics. ln contrast, Germany has maintained a robust day fine system for over four decades, with a flexible yet occasionally heavy-handed approach. This Note delves into the historical and operational aspects of day fines, highlighting the differences in implementation between the two jurisdictions. It investigates the reasons behind the failure of the U.S. day fine experiment and its continued success in Germany, considering factors such as political climate, economic considerations, and procedural intricacies. By comparing these experiences, the article offers insights that might inform the potential adoption of day fine systems in the United States-serving as a resource for activists, scholars, and policymakers seeking to enhance the fairness and effectiveness of punitive measures.
    • Evolving Sovereignty Relationships Between Affiliated Jurisdictions: Lessons for Native American Jurisdictions [Article]

      Carter, Vaughan; Ku, Charlotte; Morriss, Andrew P. (The University of Arizona James E. Rogers College of Law (Tucson, AZ), 2024)
      Though sovereignty is principally associated with governance over a territory and freedom to act in the international arena, this article examines sovereignty as empowerment. The study tests the applicability to Native American jurisdictions of the experiences of 15 jurisdictions presently associated with the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and France in shared sovereign relationships. The focus is on the evolution of those relationships and opportunities for development where jurisdictions do not attain full control over their affairs. The case studies examine the relationships from the perspectives of political, economic, and cultural sovereignty. The article further examines the relationships in three dimensions: evolutionary, frictions, and interwoven governance. It concludes with identifying factors of political cohesion, leadership, and entrepreneurship; conditions of good governance; and structures of consultation that allow for leveraging even limited degrees of sovereignty for political, economic, and cultural advancement.
    • An Undefined Global Threat: A Brief History and the Human Rights Implications of the Lack of a Universal Definition of Terrorism [Article]

      Horowitz, Samuel I. (The University of Arizona James E. Rogers College of Law (Tucson, AZ), 2024)
      This article seeks to stimulate truly critical thought on terrorism by providing a proposed universal definition. The background of this article briefly touches on the history of terrorism-broadly defined for historical analysis as the use of politically motivated violence by a non-state group against governments or the public. It then examines national and regional definitions of terrorism. Lastly, it provides an overview of international efforts aimed at defining, preventing, and criminalizing terrorism. The analysis explains why the lack of a universal definition is such a pressing issue for human rights. This article argues that the problem is one of both over- and under-inclusiveness: over-inclusiveness as to the proscribed conduct and under-inclusiveness as to perpetrators. Finally, the analysis proposes a universal definition of terrorism and presents the framework within which such a definition could be adopted and implemented at the international level.
    • Rangeland Ecology & Management Table of Contents Volume 71, Number 5 (2018)

      Society for Range Management (Society for Range Management, 2018-09)
    • Rangeland Ecology & Management Table of Contents Volume 71, Number 6 (2018)

      Society for Range Management (Society for Range Management, 2018-11)
    • Rangeland Ecology & Management Table of Contents Volume 71, Number 4 (2018)

      Society for Range Management (Society for Range Management, 2018-07)
    • Rangeland Ecology & Management Table of Contents Volume 71, Number 3 (2018)

      Society for Range Management (Society for Range Management, 2018-05)
    • Rangeland Ecology & Management Table of Contents Volume 71, Number 2 (2018)

      Society for Range Management (Society for Range Management, 2018-03)
    • Rangeland Ecology & Management Table of Contents Volume 71, Number 1 (2018)

      Society for Range Management (Society for Range Management, 2018-01)
    • Rangeland Ecology & Management Editorial Board Volume 71, Number 6 (2018)

      Society for Range Management (Society for Range Management, 2018-11)
    • Rangeland Ecology & Management Editorial Board Volume 71, Number 5 (2018)

      Society for Range Management (Society for Range Management, 2018-09)
    • Rangeland Ecology & Management Editorial Board Volume 71, Number 4 (2018)

      Society for Range Management (Society for Range Management, 2018-07)
    • Rangeland Ecology & Management Editorial Board Volume 71, Number 3 (2018)

      Society for Range Management (Society for Range Management, 2018-05)
    • Rangeland Ecology & Management Editorial Board Volume 71, Number 2 (2018)

      Society for Range Management (Society for Range Management, 2018-03)
    • Rangeland Ecology & Management Editorial Board Volume 71, Number 1 (2018)

      Society for Range Management (Society for Range Management, 2018-01)
    • Rangelands, Volume 43, Issue 3 (June 2021)

      Society for Range Management (Society for Range Management, 2021-06)